Discharging apparatus for compressed gas



ii. M. L. LEMOI NE, NEE TROUILLET I 1,794,185

DISCHARGING APPARATUS FOR COMPRESSED GAS Feb. 24, 1931.

Filed Sept. 8. 1927 Inventor RENEE MARIE LOUISE LEMOINE, nee TROUILLET By Attorneys,

Patented Feb. 24,1931

UNITED STATES PATENT. v

RENEE MARIE-IOUISE Lnmomn, nan TROUILLET, or LA nurssonivrnan', NEAR PERRIERS-ON-ANDELLE, rmcn I a :orscnaneme APPARATUS r03. comrnnssn'n eas Application filed September 8,- 1927, Serial No. 218,270, and in France October 29, 1926.

Neutral carbon dioxide is generally known and owing to its cheapness is advantageously used in the liquid form in numerous applications. Now. this gas has the great inconvenience of freezing ,when discharged, to such a-degree as to completely obstruct the outlet openings of the containers. Consequently the delivery of the gas becomes interrupted and the bottle is put out of use during a certain time.

My invention relates to a discharging ap-c paratus which avoids these drawbacks owing to the fact that it fulfills simultaneously the three following conditions:

Firstly, it prevents the impact of the compressed gas coming out from an outlet orifice upon an obstacle placed in close vicinity, such as the vulcanite or fibrous discs which are used as closure devices for the primary gas. Secondly, it'provides at the critical openings plugs impregnated with alcohol or any 7 other substance havin point only, with the ob ect of preventing any production of ice. Thirdly, it provides beyond the closing point successive chambers communicating with one another.

When the apparatus is not in use, the above mentioned chambers contain gas at one 80 and the same pressure which is that of thebottle, on the contrary when it is inservice, the chambers act as pressure reducing de vices which maybe regulated at will'for a maximum from the beginning by the manufacturer by calculating the diameter of. the openings through which the receiver and the chambers communicate together or, all things being otherwise the same,.by modifying the length of a middle tube controlling the path that the gas is made to follow between the receiver and the first inlet opening to the chamber. According to this principle therefore, a scale of pressurereducing devicesmay be constructed capable of delivering any vol risk of freezing, the system of expansion chambers located beyondthe closure 0 ening of the bottle preventing the gas om striking with freezing pressure against the various walls atthe outlet.

apparatus, it being well understood that it a very low freezing;

, inside the cartridge, the lower open end of ume of gas at the required pressure" without- The apparatus may be applied without any difliculty and directly to the manufac ture of chca handy, efiective and reliable fire extinguis ers, these apparatus being pre-. eminently of the kind where an interruption in the operation has the most disastrous effects. v

I will now describe my invention by way of example as'applied to fire extinguishing is not limited to this embodiment. g

In this application, carbon dioxide being itself a powerful fire extinguishingmedium it is not necessary'to add to it as is actually the case, bulky and poisonous fire-proof compounds, the greatest obstacle which actually prevent the use of said gas by itself being the danger of freezin The uncongealable pressure reducing device according to the present invention obviates the before mentioned 7o drawbacks as will be more fully explained hereafter by reference to the accompanying drawingwhich shows the preferred efnbodirment thereof as fire extinguisher using liquid c'arbondi'oxide. v f

The appended drawing is a part longitudinal sectlonal .view of the apparatus which comprises a strong metal cartridge 1, containing liquid carbon'dioxide and in the mouthpiece of which screws a part 2 having all its elements inte al which is rendered air-tight by. means 0 a plastic metal joint 3.

A screwthreaded extension 2 in which screws a conical nozzle is provided onpart 2 said'extension opening inside the cartridge 1. The reduced end 5 of part 4: opens in a chamber 8 formed in the extension 2 ofpart. 2, and communicates by means of an eccentric passage 9 .with another chamber 10 provided in the topof part2. The chamber 10 is itself in communication with the atmosphere by means of bent passages 11, 12 the latter 12 being bored in the outlet tube 13. Both chambers 8, 10 are preferably filled with a 95 spongy material, such as tow which is impreg nated with alcohol before the closing of the apparatus. The passage 11 which is situated in a central hub 10 of chamber 10 is of conical shape at its extremity, it is normally I forms a joint on the circumference of the chamber -10. In order to increase the air tightness at the circumference, the upper end surface of part 2 is very closely striated with concentric grooves in which the material of the joint is crushed by the pressure of the screwthreaded cap 16 surrounding the part 2. The cap 16 is provided in its middle portion with a rod 17 carrying at its end a head' 18 which moves'freely in a small chamber 19 and causes normall the disc 14 to engage with the tubular po r ion 10 by closing the passage 11 under the action of an outer nut 20 screwing upon a screwthreaded bearing of cap 16.

The nut 20 is integral with a handle or a .milled knob 21 in order to allow of lifting the parts 17, 18 and 14 and consequently the required flow of gas may be controlled by the operation of said parts acting to close progressively the outlet conduit 11.

It will be readily understood that when the apparatus is not in service the pressure in the chambers 8 and 10 will be the same as in the cartridge 1 but that in operation these chambers will constitute expansion chambers for the carbon dioxide passing to the delivery conduit 11 at a pressure which although it cannot cause freezing is nevertheless sufficient for allowingits discharge in the fire with good results. On the other hand, the absorbing material contained in the expanding spaces added to the action of alcohol with which it is impregnated will avoid all danger of freezing.

It will also be seen that the conical shape of part 1 and its outlet orifice 5 will allow of regulating the conditions of the first expansion of the gas and consequently of constructigg fire extinguishers in which the delivery t es place at varying pressures by simply changing the part 4. The same modifications in the result may also be effected by increas ing the diameter of the divers passages, it being understood that the maximum delivery provided for by the manufacturer as well as the minimum one will be controlled at will by the user on operating the parts 17, 18 and 14..

The apparatus constructed in the manner above described may advantageously be placed near the driver on motor vehicles for instance near the steering tube the nozzle 13 being connected in that case with tubes or with a spray arranged in front of the motor in the operating zone of the fan in'such a manner as to obtain the delivery of liquid carbon dioxide upon the whole of the motor without letting loose the steering wheel.

It will be evident that the construction of the apparatus which has been described and illustrated is by no meanslimitative and that the arrangement may be modified for example asregards the number of expansion P r d apparatus may be applied to any type of container or bottle of liquefied or compressed gas as it constitutes both a closure device for the container and a system of expansion for the gas contained in same liaving the aspect of a simple pressure reducing plug easy to handle, which is absolutely uncongealable at every rate of delivery and the net cost of which is very much below that of any'existing apparatus of this kind. When provided with the pressure reducing plug above described the bottles filled with liquid carbon dioxide or any other liquefied or compressed gases may be adapted on any apparatus in which said gas is utilized as discharging or atomizing'vehicle for the substances contained in same.

It will be further understood that instead of alcohol, any substance having a low freezing point may be employed for 1mpregnating the porous substance within the expansion chambers, and that in the claimswhere alcohol is specified, the equivalent thereof may be vices interposed between the compressed gas container and the gas'discharge orifice, and plugs of porous material impregnated with a liquid having a low freezing point disposed in said expansion devices at the points therein which are most exposed to freezing.

2. Adischarging apparatus of the character described, which comprises a compressed gas container, a body secured to the container having a passage terminating at 1ts ends 1n an upper and'a lower ex ansion chamber, and i an adjustable connection between the lower chamber and the gas container, an adjustable closure device controlling the communication between the upper chamber and the discharge nozzle, and porous plugs impregnated with alcohol in the expansion chambers.

3. A discharging apparatus for compressed gas comprising a ho y secured to a compressed gas container, a conduit in said body,

lower and upper expansion chambers at both ends of said conduit, lugsimpregnated with alcohol in both cham ers, an interchangeable nozzle having orifices and a length calculated I in such a. manner as to connect thelower chamber with the gas container and-a closure device controlling the communication between the upper chamber and the delivery of the apparatus, discharging apparatus for compressed gas comprising a body secured to a compressed gas container, a passage in said body, lower and upper expansion chambers tween the upper expansion chamber and the delivery conduit of the apparatus and means controlling the movements of said diaphragm.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

R. LEMOINE, NE'E TROUILLET. 

